There is a link between atypical heart sounds and atrial fibrillation. People with this condition have an irregular, disorganized heartbeat. Atrial fibrillation is a serious type of arrhythmia, which ...

A paradoxical split S2 heart sound occurs when the splitting is heard during expiration and disappears during inspiration, the opposite of the physiologic split S2. A paradoxical split S2 occurs in ...

Midsystolic murmurs — also known as systolic ejection murmurs, or SEM — include the murmurs of aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and atrial septal defects. A ...

My rationale for beginning at the mitral area is to compare the auscultatory findings with those previously obtained by percussion and palpation (see Nonauscultatory Cardiac Exam: Assessing the ...