A hidden carbon film from ordinary air may be the key to volcanic lightning, explaining how identical ash particles build ...

Volcanic lightning looks surreal: an arc of light rises from the volcanic crater, stretching out into the murky skies. Although scientists knew what caused such frightening yet beautiful phenomena, ...

Physicists have solved a longstanding mystery around the process that creates volcanic lightning: when similar particles rub together, why do some become positively charged while others become ...